Massimo Giangaspero and Satoshi Sekiguchi
With the aim to present advances in risk assessment of animal diseases, recent methods have been considered in a brief review. Various initiatives relating to the risk assessment of animal diseases for categorisation and prioritisation have been undertaken with the objective to provide decision-makers with elements of priority for the application of optimal prevention and control measures. Theoretically, a technical approach should be harmonized and internationally recognized. However, methodologies remain complex, and different fields of applications (for example animal species, production systems) multiply variants. Local dimension play an essential role for the definition of a final result, often not necessarily comparable with results obtained when considering different geographical realities. Furthermore, other elements, as political or cultural aspects, may influence final decisions taken by competent authorities. Nevertheless, further efforts will be needed to harmonize procedural tools. In conclusion, despite methodological limits, the application of categorization and prioritization protocols represents a precious support for the competent authorities in relation to the various aspects of animal health management, from legislation, surveillance, or control measures.