Kato Joji
Materials' mechanical and physical properties and behaviour are substantially determined by their microstructure. As a result, in material design and engineering, visualising the inner structure and morphological properties of materials is critical. The incapacity of two-dimensional (2D) imaging technologies to offer spatial information about the researched structure is an inherent constraint. Three-dimensional (3D) imaging, on the other hand, can reveal inhomogeneity volume, form, spatial and size distribution, and connection. 2D radiographs, for example, can establish the presence of cracks, discontinuities, pores, or structural flaws, but 3D pictures can also assist us in locating and identifying their source. The wavelength of the applied radiation defines the scale of the features being explored in the majority of 3D imaging techniques. When utilising visible light, the theoretical resolution limit is around 200 nm, however with electrons, even individual atoms can be studied.